3 Operating costs
Direct costs
| In CHF million | 1.1.–31.3.2019 | 1.1.–31.3.2018 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Customer premises equipment and merchandise | 277 | 306 | ||
| Services purchased | 156 | 112 | ||
| Costs of obtaining a contract | 83 | 87 | ||
| Costs to fulfill a contract | 3 | 13 | ||
| Traffic fees of foreign subsidiaries | 91 | 114 | ||
| International traffic fees | 50 | 47 | ||
| National traffic fees | 23 | 25 | ||
| Total direct costs | 683 | 704 |
Indirect costs
| In CHF million | 1.1.–31.3.2019 | 1.1.–31.3.2018 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salary and social security expenses | 706 | 713 | ||
| Other personnel expense | 18 | 10 | ||
| Total personnel expense | 724 | 723 | ||
| Information technology cost | 59 | 67 | ||
| Maintenance expense | 74 | 70 | ||
| Rental expense | – | 52 | ||
| Energy costs | 29 | 28 | ||
| Advertising and selling expenses | 41 | 40 | ||
| Consultancy expenses and freelance workforce | 38 | 43 | ||
| Administration expense | 22 | 27 | ||
| Allowances for receivables | 21 | 20 | ||
| Miscellaneous operating expenses | 164 | 156 | ||
| Total other operating expense | 448 | 503 | ||
| Capitalised self-constructed assets | (90) | (83) | ||
| Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment | (3) | (1) | ||
| Miscellaneous income | (21) | (19) | ||
| Total capitalised self-constructed assets and other income | (114) | (103) | ||
| Total indirect costs | 1,058 | 1,123 |
Capitalised costs of self-constructed assets include personnel costs for the production of technical installations, the construction of network infrastructures and the development of software for internal use.